In 2003, two cases came before the Supreme Court that presented the stiffest challenge to affirmative action in decades. A White applicant to the University of Michigan's law school sued the school, claiming that she had been rejected on the basis of her race. Similarly, two White applicants to the University of Michigan's undergraduate school also sued, arguing the point system used by the university to assess applicants was unconstitutional. In "Gratz v. Bollinger" the Supreme Court struck down university's undergraduate point system while upheld the school's more informal "holistic" method of reviewing applications in "Grutter v. Bollinger." Using "Grutter" as a framework, universities have sought to strike a delicate balance between recruiting a diverse pool of applicants while adhering to the legal guidelines drawn by the high court. Since the "Gratz and Grutter" decisions universities have increased the use of race-conscious affirmative action in admissions decisions.