Numerous studies have shown how elementary social studies instruction has been constrained or curtailed in states that do not test social studies as part of their mandated accountability system. South Carolina is a state that tests social studies as well as English, mathematics, and science in grades three through eight as part of its accountability system. However, in an effort to decrease student test fatigue and associated costs, the state recently adopted census testing which reduced the number of students taking the social studies test. This longitudinal study was designed to further understand the impact of mandated testing initiatives on instruction. It focuses on changes in elementary teachers' beliefs about the role of social studies in the curriculum and their perception of time they spend on social studies instruction since the implementation of census testing. (Contains 5 tables and 3 notes.)