Health promotion seeks to provide practitioners of medicine and public health as well as members of the public with the information, resources, and tools that they can use to improve health and well-being. This goal is consonant with that of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), namely, to improve public health outcomes via research, intervention, and education. To accomplish this goal, significant effort has been devoted by the NIH toward understanding disease mechanisms and developing clinical tools to alleviate the burden of disease. In the past decade, however, there has been a more concerted move toward creating university-community partnerships that can affect public health and health policy. This trend has been further enhanced by the growing knowledge that health is affected by multiple, interconnected factors at multiple levels. Such influences originate not only at the individual (biological and genetic) level but also at the familial, as well as community and societal levels. Currently, this emphasis on advancing university community partnerships has received further impetus from the NIH Roadmap Initiative that seeks to support technology development related to disease mechanisms, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment and to build partnerships to address these challenges among communities, universities, and health care professionals. Health promotion efforts targeted specifically at environmentally related disease have made significant progress. By fostering community-university partnerships, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and other public and private funders have been successful in promoting healthful lifestyles and behaviors at both individual and community levels. Using examples from NIEHS-supported projects, this article will describe some of the basic features and achievements of the environmental health promotion process, its challenges, and its future prospects.