Assessing student attainment in the major field of study is increasingly important to employers and accrediting bodies alike. Construction and manufacturing firms do not like engineers who design faulty bridges and airplanes. Marketing firms want to hire students who understand the difference between a niche market and a global market. School districts want teachers who understand the different levels of Bloom's taxonomy in order to adapt their teaching technique to student learning styles. Graduate schools want students who are knowledgeable in their field. Moreover, practitioners in many fields not only need a degree from an accredited program, but also need to pass a licensure exam or undergo individual certification (such as in accounting, architecture, civil engineering, law, medicine, nursing, social work, and teaching). This chapter summarizes the diverse assessment methods and strategies for measuring student academic attainment and describes the key elements in one university's assessment implementation. (Contains 1 table.)