This book is the author's second book on preschool. His first book, "Investing in Kids: Early Childhood Programs and Local Economic Development" (2011), explored the connection between early childhood programs and the economic development of American states and metro areas, and compared early childhood programs with business tax incentives. This second book focuses on the key policy issues that face early childhood education in the United States. This book provides concise and research-based information to the following audiences: (1) Professors looking for a review for their students of what research says about the effects of early childhood education; (2) Members of the business community who want to see bottom-line figures on preschool's economic effects; (3) Early childhood advocates who are puzzled about how to respond to common arguments given against early childhood education; (4) Federal, state, or local administrators exploring ideas about how to better design and manage early childhood programs; (5) Voters without preschool-aged children who might wonder, "What's my stake in this policy debate?"; (6) Federal, state, or local legislators who need to develop specific early childhood programs; and (7) Anyone interested in how early childhood programs might both boost American economic growth and reduce inequality. This book gives readers the evidence and arguments they need to make up their own minds on policy issues involving early childhood education, and contributes to the needed democratic debate over a possible significant expansion of early childhood education. [For "Investing in Kids: Early Childhood Programs and Local Economic Development" (2011), see ED516082.]