The basic relationships among scale, quality, and benefits in Sino-foreign cooperative education are key to the development of cooperative education. It is necessary to construct a theoretical framework for the basic relationships among scale, quality, and benefits in Sino-foreign cooperative education and analyze the questions faced in development, to actively recognize and adapt to the new normal of economic development and the new stage of development in Sino-foreign cooperative education. The theoretical framework for the basic relationships among scale, quality, and benefits in Sino-foreign cooperative education consists of an appropriate scale as the foundation, innovative quality as the key, and increased benefits as the goal. In applying these three basic relational theories, we must uphold five basic principles: finding a point of balance, clarifying policy limits, highlighting key points for development, controlling standards for access, and exploring differentiated permissions.