The text of an invited address on artificial intelligence (AI) research over the 1963-1968 period is presented. A survey of recent studies on the computer simulation of intellective processes emphasizes developments in heuristic programing, problem-solving and closely related learning models. Progress and problems in these areas are indicated by reviews and evaluations of representative studies on general and task specific solution strategies, integrated robots (Stanford and MIT hand-eye projects), theorem proving and game playing programs, information processing and natural language, and diverse cognitive processes (verbal and concept learning, problem-solving, emotion, and judgment). An in-depth view of the strategy, efficacy, and potential of current AI research is then offered by the detailed exposition of a program that employs heuristic search methods to generate original hypotheses from inputs of empirical data on the mass spectra of organic molecules. In conclusion, the crucial role of "representation" in problem-solving systems is discussed and a review of major AI research centers and principal investigators provided. A 77 item bibliography accompanies the presentation. (SS)