PART OF A LARGER REVIEW OF RECENT PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH RELATING TO NATIONAL DEFENSE, THIS SECTION COVERS STUDIES ON TRAINING FOR LEADERSHIP, COMMAND, AND TEAM FUNCTIONS, AND ON THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS ON MILITARY PERFORMANCE. STUDIES IN THE FIRST CHAPTER OF THIS SECTION ARE DIVIDED BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL ASPECTS (LEADERSHIP) AND ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL RESPONSIBILITIES, AND ARE SUBDIVIDED INTO RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND BY COMMISSIONED AND NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER PERSONNEL. THE OTHER CHAPTER, LARGELY AN OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF TRAINING TECHNOLOGY, PRESENTS STUDIES ON THE DETERMINATION OF TRAINING OBJECTIVES AND REQUIREMENTS, DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINING ENVIRONMENTS (APPLICATION OF TRAINING PRINCIPLES, TRAINING MEDIA, SIMULATORS, PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION, COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION), EVALUATION TECHNIQUES (CRITERION REFERRED MEASURES AND THE PROBLEM OF FORMING PROFICIENCY MEASURES), AND PROMISING AREAS FOR RESEARCH. THE DOCUMENT INCLUDES A DIAGRAM AND 125 REFERENCES. THIS DOCUMENT, PART TWO OF AD-661-301, IS AVAILABLE FROM THE CLEARINGHOUSE FOR FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION, SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22151. MICROFICHE $0.65. HARD COPY $3.00. 47 PAGES. (LY)