This article reports a summary of research by Warren Zigman and colleagues investigating the link between cholesterol levels and Alzheimer type dementia among adults with Down syndrome. Warren Zigman and colleagues followed 123 adults with Down syndrome between May 1998 and April 2006. The participants were aged between 41 and 78 years at the start of the study and did not have dementia. The study found that participants with high cholesterol levels were more than twice as likely to develop dementia of the Alzheimer type during the course of the study.