The study investigated the prevalence and associated problems of ankyloglossia, characterized by restricted movement of the tongue usually due to the adhesion of the tongue to the frenum, among a preschool Head Start population (N=1,440). Ss were screened for six primary characteristics of the condition and of the 78 children who exhibited the condition, 36 were evaluated for speech production disorders. Prevalence was found to be 28 times greater than figures previously cited in the literature. Twenty percent of the Ss with ankyloglossia presented with phonological disorders, a percentage higher than would be expected based on sound study information. Findings suggested the importance of focusing on developing compensatory techniques in therapy. (CL)