Purpose/Objectives: The United States Department of Agriculture initiated its Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) in 2002. This study investigates the impact of the FFVP on children's fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods: Participants were fourth- and fifth- graders from two program schools (n = 124) and two control schools (n = 134) in Wisconsin. There were approximately equal numbers of girls and boys. Seventy-six percent were White, 13.5% Asian American, with roughly equal representation of Hispanic/Latino, African American, and American Indian students. Program schools served students free fruit and vegetable snacks for morning snack at school. A pretest measuring fruit and vegetable intake at morning snack was administered before the FFVP began, followed by two posttests at two and six months of program implementation. Pretest and posttest data were compared across program and control schools using repeated measures analysis of variance. All data were collected by researchers in classrooms with assistance from trained research assistants and teachers. Results: Program students experienced a significant increase in fruit and vegetable intake for morning snack compared to control students. Positive effects of the FFVP were present early on, with no gains resulting from additional months of participation. The program effect is somewhat limited as students did not bring fruit and vegetables from home to eat on days when free snacks were not provided. Applications to Child Nutrition Professionals: Participants in this study typically report eating the free fruit and vegetable snacks served at school. This finding reinforces the importance and effectiveness of schools as a setting for providing children access to nutritious foods. Additional research should explore the persistence of and mechanisms behind this positive effect, as well as how to expand the reach of the FFVP beyond the immediate impact of providing free access to fruit and vegetable snacks at school. (Contains 6 tables.)