Environmental education should set different objectives for different learning subjects. At the elementary school level, the primary goal is to establish environmental awareness so that students can perceptually appreciate and comprehend how rich and colorful the environment is. In this article, the author discusses a systematic approach that can be adopted to ensure that all elementary school students receive the basic environmental knowledge. Here, the author believes that a basic environmental knowledge system can be constructed including the following contents: (1) knowledge about the earth; (2) knowledge about the ecosystem; (3) natural resources; (4) knowledge about environmental pollution; (5) knowledge about environmental protection; and (6) knowledge about quality monitoring.