The authors provide a brief historical reflection on social-emotional competence intervention research along with their vision for future directions of intervention investigations for young children with developmental delays and difficulties. Specifically, they summarize "what we 'know'" and "what we "need to know"" in the area of social-emotional development for young children with and without developmental difficulties. Finally, with respect to social-emotional interventions, the authors recommend careful investigation of service implementation in community-based programs.