In this new edition, the author explains quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, and incorporates the viewpoints of various research paradigms (postpositivist, constructivist, transformative, and pragmatic) into descriptions of these methods. Special emphasis is provided for conducting research in culturally complex communities. Each chapter explains a step of the research process; sample studies and abstracts are included to illustrate the concepts discussed in each section. The book is designed to serve as a core text for research courses in departments of education, psychology, and sociology, as well as social work and other human services disciplines. It can be used by itself or in conjunction with other texts focusing on specific methodologies. Elements new to the Second Edition includes (1) Analysis of methodological advances in conducting research in culturally complex communities; (2) Coverage of electronic resources now available to researchers and evaluators; (3) Emphasis on program evaluation; and (4) Chapter on mixed methods research. Key features include: (1) Chapters begin with an outline of the main ideas covered; (2) Summaries of specific research studies provide context for discussion throughout; (3) Step-by-step processes; (4) Perspectives and controversies from major research paradigms; (5) Questions for critical analysis in each chapter; (6) Chapters end with questions and activities for students to put knowledge into practice; and (7) Appendix includes an outline for the preparation of a research proposal. Contents include: (1) An Introduction to Research; (2) Evaluation; (3) Literature Review and Research Problems; (4) Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Research; (5) Causal Comparative and Correlational Research; (6) Survey Research; (7) Single-Case Research; (8) Qualitative Methods; (9) History and Narrative Study of Lives; (10) Mixed Methods and Mixed Model Designs; (11) Sampling: Definition, Selection, and Ethics; (12) Data Collection; and (13) Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Reporting. References, author index, subject index, and author information is included.