Early childhood, when young children are already capable of undergoing aesthetic experience, must be the starting point for aesthetic education. Despite increasing attention to the significant values of the arts in early childhood classrooms, no theoretical framework to support aesthetic education has been established. This article introduces the theories of John Dewey, Rudolf Steiner and Lev Vygotsky, whose ideas and thoughts have many important implications for the arts and aesthetic education for young children. These scholars' historical backgrounds and theories on human learning, the arts and aesthetics have been explored to support the practical dimension of aesthetic education at the early childhood level.