This article tries to discuss the conditions Roma pupils face within the Greek educational system. In the first part, through a brief history of Roma groups in Greece followed by a short analysis of their legal status and leaving conditions, I attempt to present a critical approach in Romani Studies. Thereafter, using Institutional Racism as a lens and based on official documents and secondary data, I am trying to make a concise analysis of the educational policy of the Greek state towards Roma pupils. In the second part, based on an ethnographic research in a Greek primary school, I investigate the influence of the local Greek authorities, local communities and school personnel on Roma origin pupils' education. (Contains 13 footnotes and 2 tables.)