The purpose of this study was to relate the factor structure of naval air training measures to the performance of Marine pilots in operational squadrons. Five post-training criteria were developed; four were Commanding Officer (C.O.) nominations of junior officers for hypothetical special assignments, and the fifth was a general satisfactory/unsatisfactory C.O. evaluation of each junior officer's squadron performance. Academic ability, flying skill, and systems comprehension factors were found in separate analyses for jet and helicopter pilots. The four C.O. nominations were loaded on a single nomination factor that was essentially unrelated to training measures in either sample. The satisfactory/unsatisfactory criterion, however, was directly related to a jet pilot's overall flying skill and inversely related to the performance of a helicopter pilot early in flight training. (author/eb)