This encyclopedia contains articles reviewing important aspects of Native American life in the United States during the 20th century. Articles are arranged alphabetically by subject and were written by Native Americans, historians, anthropologists, and other specialists. Overview articles cover subjects such as art, economic conditions, educational policy, government policy, health, languages, law, public opinion, Red Power, religion, and reservations. Educational topics include tribal colleges, higher education, public schools, Bureau of Indian Affairs schools, churches and education, and federal educational legislation. A general listing of articles by subject is found at the beginning of the volume and complements a more detailed subject index at the end. More than half of the articles are devoted to 20th century Native nations. The subject index breaks tribes down according to geographic regions. Following each article are suggestions for further reading and cross-references to related encyclopedia topics. Also included are lists of contributors and maps. (LP)