This paper focuses on radioactive practicle counting statistics in laboratory and field applications, intended to aid the Health Physics technician's understanding of the effect of indeterminant errors on radioactive particle counting. It indicates that although the statistical analysis of radioactive disintegration is best described by a Poisson distribution, the dead time of a counting instrument renders the use of the Poisson ineffective without correction for the gap distribution. A modification of Poisson statistics through the binominal limit is then shown to allow legitimate application of a Gaussian distribution in standard laboratory application. The evolution of Poisson probability is summarized and two relative activity formulas are derived from their Poisson origin through the final working formula. (Author/CS)