School consultation and response to intervention (RTI) are both problem-solving methods employed in school-based service delivery, but beyond that characteristic, how are they the same and how are they different? A major purpose of this commentary is to compare and contrast the scholarly literatures of school consultation and RTI. A selective review of recent source materials indicated that less than 4% of references cited in the RTI literature contain the word "consultation" or "collaboration" in their titles, and less than 1% of references cited in the school consultation literature contain "response to intervention" or "RTI" in their titles. More substantive thematic similarities and differences between the two literatures as well as thoughts on the future relationship between school consultation and RTI are offered. (Contains 1 table.)