Negative consequences follow when an expensive technological implementation fails to accomplish expected benefits and results instead in interrupted business, lost revenues, and dissatisfied and demoralized users. The problem researched in this study was how an organization should introduce advanced technology to system users to optimize productivity and efficiency. The fundamental sociotechnical system (STS) variables, such as management support, organizational structure, information sharing, organizational culture, process improvements, and customer and employee satisfaction, for an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system were identified. The case study method using a survey instrument with 36 close-ended questions was employed. Data were collected from 74 employees of an information technology department of an organization to conduct the research. The researcher explored questions addressing whether an organization must recognize its social elements to achieve full potential, strategic advantages, and the best possible benefits when implementing an ERP system. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Pearson correlation, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis were used to interpret the data. The findings in this study demonstrated that properly implemented ERP systems deliver increased capabilities and productivity benefits to organizations that invest in such systems. The study is advantageous to organizations, their employees, and customers because high performance and productive organizations foster cooperative attitudes and behaviors across all internal divisions and work groups. Implementing an ERP system with a focus on STS principles promotes positive social change by improving the working atmosphere that ultimately results in higher productivity. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]