This publication consists of papers presented at an in-house symposium held at the Naval Undersea Research and Development (R and D) Center, San Diego, in May 1970. The topics discussed in these presentations are as follows: principles of evolution and the ecological crisis; alternatives to overpopulation; examples of San Diego noise climate; Naval Undersea R and D Center's efforts toward an acceptable noise environment; low-pollution automobile engine; sea-surface slicks; elephant seal and sea lion mortality on San Miguel Island; San Clemente Island as a site for pollution research; ocean pollution by sunken ships; potential hazards of non-degradable materials as an environmental pollutant; pollution potential of drag-reducing polymers; environmental surveillance as an essential safeguard against pollution; and the contribution that Navy science can make to environmental management. (JR)