This report provides background information on Polish refugees that may be of use to sponsors involved in Polish refugee resettlement in the United States. The report discusses economic and social conditions in Poland; the social values and political attitudes of modern Polish refugees as opposed to those of Poles who settled in the United States much earlier, especially before World War II; possible Polish first impressions of American society; and potential problems of Polish adjustment to American life. It is suggested that differences in Polish and American political and sociocultural patterns will bring about conflicts in Polish concepts of independence versus control, discipline, self-confidence, and saving versus waste, and will require Polish adjustment to new work situations, language, housing conditions, transportation arrangements, social relationships, and food habits. Nevertheless, it is expected that although the Polish refugee in the United States may experience considerable initial shock due to sociocultural differences, he will eventually be able to adjust and become a productive member of American society. (Author/MJL)