The Miller Brothers' 101 Ranch Real Wild West show ran from 1906 to 1931, outlasting the famous Buffalo Bill's Wild West show by more than a decade. From its beginnings in Oklahoma Territory, the Real Wild West show traveled national and international circuits and built a broad roster of performers, including more than 150 American Indians. During the show's run, the Miller Brothers also oversaw the contracting out of Indian performers to other venues, including the Sarasanni Circus in Dresden, Germany, and the New York Motion Picture Company's Santa Ynez Canyon studio in California. While cultural and technological changes led to the decline of live shows and ushered in the age of western films, much overlap existed between these forms of entertainment in the first decades of the twentieth century. This article examines how travel routes, performance spaces, and shifting technologies created new viewing positions for both performers and spectators in the early twentieth century--positions that were not fixed but emerged through a constant series of negotiations. The work of cultural historians and film and performance studies scholars as well as historic photographs of the Real Wild West show shed light on these negotiations. To begin, it is helpful to consider the origins of the Miller Brothers' 101 Ranch, which serves as the anchor for each genre--the Wild West show, the circus, and early western film--to be explored. (Contains 7 figures and 38 notes.)