This review addresses a growing concern regarding alcohol use in adult male Latino im/migrant laborers in the United States. The review draws from alcohol studies focusing on "Hispanic" populations, and from health behavior studies of Latino im/migrant laborers, research that includes alcohol use. Specifically, this review addresses (a) alcohol consumption and drinking patterns among Mexican and Central American im/migrant laborers, and (b) health and social consequences of alcohol use. After reviewing more than 200 articles, 30 studies meeting key criteria were selected for review. Survey data show lower alcohol use in Latino im/migrants as compared with U.S. Latino and non-Latino populations, but also a relation between problem drinking and acculturation. Ethnographic research reveals heavy drinking and negative health and social consequences in a significant number of Latino im/migrant laborers. How structural-environmental and culture-based factors combine to influence problem drinking in the United States is discussed along with recommendations for future research. (Contains 3 tables.)