When Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa revealed plans to take over the sprawling school district that serves his city, the charismatic Democrat had an abundance of political capital to push for the changes he believed necessary to raise student achievement and boost the dismal graduation rates that have dogged the city for years. Now, after a bruising, yearlong battle with Los Angeles Unified School District leaders that has yet to be resolved, a big question remains, will the mayor's aggressive campaign to reshape the public schools end up being a catalyst for dramatic change, or a high-profile failed effort to reform the nation's second-largest district? A state appellate court is now weighing whether the law that was passed last 2006 to give the mayor partial authority over the schools violates the California Constitution. This article discusses the heated arguments among leaders in the Los Angeles District over school reforms.