In recognition of the 50th anniversary of the Supreme Court's decision in "Brown v. Board of Education" (1954), this volume of "Review of Research in Education" looks at education research linked to issues addressed in that decision. In the "Brown" case, the court asserted the central importance of the government's role in education, and reversed the previous legal doctrine that had permitted "separate but equal" schools for Black and White children, setting the stage for court-ordered school desegregation in the decades to follow. The chapters in this volume recognize the tremendous significance of the "Brown" decision and the subsequent "Brown II" decision (1955), in which the court laid out principles for the manner and timing of compliance with the order for the elimination of segregated schools. These chapters also discuss research that has looked at both the limits on the effects of the decision and the ways in which the decision had unintended consequences that undercut the quality of education for children from minority groups. Chapters include: (1) From Jim Crow to Affirmative Action and Back Again: A Critical Race Discussion of Racialized Rationales and Access to Higher Education [EJ746354] (Tara J. Yosso, Laurence Parker, Daniel G. Solorzano, and Marvin Lynn); (2) Legacy of "Brown:" "Lau" and Language Policy in the United States [EJ746357] (Patricia Gandara, Rachel Moran, and Eugene Garcia); (3) How Society Failed School Desegregation Policy: Looking Past the Schools to Understand Them [EJ746356] (Amy Stuart Wells, Jennifer Jellison Holme, Anita Tijerina Revilla, and Awo Korantemaa Atanda); (4) African American Principals and the Legacy of "Brown" [EJ746350] (Linda C. Tillman); and (5) "Brown," Political Economy, and the Scientific Education of African Americans [EJ746353] (William F. Tate, IV). (Individual articles contain references.)