This study examined test-optional admission policies and their effect on the composition of the student body at King's College. According to the College Board (2009), students from underrepresented populations do not perform as well as White students on standardized tests. Therefore, higher education institutions have established test-optional admission policies giving students the option of not submitting standardized test scores. By utilizing a nonexperimental ex post facto design, the researcher analyzed data from freshman students at King's College from 2003-2010 who used traditional and test-optional admission policies. The researcher determined through statistical analysis that each research question resulted in a statistically significant difference. Chi-square tests determined there was a change in the composition of the student body at King's since the test-optional admission policy was introduced, there was relationship between offering matriculants an alternative to submitting standardized test scores for admission and an increase in student diversity at the institution, and the change in the ethnic composition of the student body at King's College was not comparable to that of Bates College. A statistically significant difference in the quality of students who submit standardized test scores and students who choose the test-optional admission policy at King's College was determined through a 2-independent samples "t" test. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]