The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) assesses proficiency in English both generally and for special purposes of non-native English speakers studying, training, or learning English in English-speaking countries. The Speaking subtest of the IELTS measures a candidate's general proficiency in speaking in everyday situations via a structured, five-phase oral interview. During the interview, the interviewer and candidate exchange introductions, the candidate speaks at length about a familiar topic, queries the interviewer, expresses ideas and attitudes, and the interviewer concludes the session. Maximum speaking proficiency is then rated against the Band Scale. Documentation for the speaking test includes training and administration manuals for interviewers, a sample test, and the Speaking Band Scale. Issues to be addressed in future research on the IELTS Speaking subtest include validity and reliability of the Speaking test, its relationship with other subtests of the IELTS and with other tests, rater consistency, the use of lay persons as interviewers, and effect of the interview situation. (JP)