In this report, the authors describe results of a nationwide census of institutional repositories in U.S. academic institutions. The census is one of several activities of the MIRACLE Project, an Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS)-funded research program based at the University of Michigan. The acronym MIRACLE means "Making Institutional Repositories a Collaborative Learning Environment." A considerable portion of the scholarly record is born digital, and some scholarship is produced in digital formats that have no physical, in-the-hand counterparts. The proliferation of digital scholarship raises serious and pressing issues about how to organize, access, and preserve it in perpetuity. The response of academic institutions has been to build and deploy institutional repositories (IRs) to manage the digital scholarship their learning communities produce. Nine chapters comprise the contents of this report. Chapter 1 gives background on the MIRACLE Project, defines institutional repositories, and describes the methods MIRACLE Project staff used to conduct a census of IRs in U.S. academic institutions. Chapter 2 examines the extent to which certain types of academic institutions are involved with IRs and the nature of people's involvement with IRs at these institutions. The next chapter focuses on the budget for an IR, specifically on sources of funding and on line items in the IR budget. Chapter 4 explores important investigative activities that institutions conduct to determine whether to implement an IR. Next, Chapter 5 tells how many institutions with IR) are implementing the IR-system software packages they have chosen, describes system features that respondents believe are satisfactory and less than satisfactory, and explains why and when implementation (IMP) respondents would migrate to a new IR. Chapter 6 gives details on institutional repository practice and policies, such as the number and types of digital documents in IRs, experiences with contributors and recruiting content for the IR, managing the IR's intellectual property (IP) rights, and the extent to which IR policies are implemented in institutions with pilot-test and operational IRs. Chapter 7 explores institutional repository benefits from the perspectives of IR staff as well as staff perceptions of IR contributors. It also examines the IR's effect on building relationships with other units, the deployment of a successful IR, and the methods that institutions are using to evaluate IRs. Chapter 8 features findings pertaining to institutions that have done no planning for an institutional repository (IR). The final chapter discusses census findings, specifically, the sleeping beast of demand for institutional repositories from master's and baccalaureate institutions, findings that confirm those of previous surveys, and findings that build on the knowledge of IRs. It concludes with observations on issues pertaining to IRs that will persist long after the MIRACLE Project terminates. Appended are: (1) Advisory Group Members; (2) Questionnaire for No Planning (NP) Respondents; (3) Questionnaire for Planning Only (PO) Respondents; (4) Questionnaire for Planning and Pilot Testing (PPT) Respondents; (5) Questionnaire for Implementation (IMP) Respondents; and (6) Literature Review. (Contains 30 tables and 27 figures.)