Background: Recently, a highly heritable behavioral phenotype of simultaneous deviance on the Anxious/Depressed, Attention Problems, and Aggressive Behavior syndrome scales has been identified on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL-Dysregulation Profile, CBCL-DP). This study aims to investigate psychosocial adversity and impairment of the CBCL-DP. Methods: A total of 9024 patients aged 4-18 years were assessed using the CBCL, and the axes V and VI of ICD-10. Results: ANOVA revealed significant differences regarding psychosocial adversity and impairment between patients with CBCL-DP phenotype and the clinical control group, patients with attention problems, and patients with attention problems and additional anxious/depressed symptoms as assessed by the CBCL. Patients with CBCL-DP showed significant psychosocial adversity and impairment. However, in most cases patients with aggressive behavior showed equal psychosocial adversity as patients with CBCL-DP. Conclusions: Findings suggest the CBCL-DP phenotype to be associated with significant psychosocial adversity and impairment either as a cause or an effect of the syndrome. Clinicians should carefully address psychosocial adversity and impairment with particular attention to the adversity and impairment of adolescents with CBCL-DP.