Balanced allocation of fundamental education teachers is one of the most important ways to achieve the highest quality of compulsory education. It also guarantees an accelerated achievement of a balanced development of fundamental education. In poverty-stricken areas of ethnic minorities, unbalanced teacher allocation is a major factor that restricts the development of fundamental education. The establishment of policy system, investment mechanism, and teachers' training mechanism can be an effective way to promote balanced teacher allocation and to achieve a balanced development of fundamental education in poverty-stricken areas of ethnic minorities.