A study analyzed the use of extension services by traditional Arab farmers in Israel (Nazareth region) and in the Gaza Strip. The study was an attempt to follow up on work done in the l960s and the early l970s by Arnon. The research questions for this study were as follows: (1) How strong is the demand for extension now? (2) Which are the most effective ways in which extension serves farmers--as viewed by the farmers? (3) Do farmers' leadership qualities affect their use of extension? and (4) Are there differences between the Nazareth and Gaza regions, in relation to these questions and, if yes, how can they be explained? A questionnaire was developed. Interviews took place with 48 farmers from 4 villages in the Nazareth region and 56 farmers from 5 villages in the Gaza strip. Findings from the study indicated that Nazareth farmers had a higher rate of contact with extension, when compared to the Rehovot (Jewish) region. Extension advisers in the Nazareth region tended to meet mainly with full-time farmers. In the Gaza strip, nearly all farmers had contact with local advisers. Members of agricultural committees tended to have more frequent contact with advisers, and membership in an agricultural committee is a sign of leadership. Farmers in both regions rated the personal visits of advisers highest among the extension activities. In spite of the different histories of extension in the Nazareth and Gaza regions, there were more differences between Jewish and Arab family farmers in their use of extension services than between farmers in the two Arab regions. (An eight-item reference list is attached.) (NLL)