Founded in 1855 as the Farmer's High School, the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) began as a small college in Centre County providing agricultural education to young men from regional farm families. Penn State became a land-grant university in 1863 following passage of the Morrill Act. Today, Penn State enrolls more than 83,000 students and has more than 420,000 living alumni. Penn State comprises 24 campuses, including the University Park campus, which is located adjacent to the Borough of State College in Central Pennsylvania. State College has a population of more than 38,000, and the university largely fuels the local economy of the Centre Region. Today, the Division of Student Affairs is headed by a vice president who oversees student affairs operations at the University Park campus as well as 19 other commonwealth campuses offering undergraduate education. At University Park, the division is made up of 17 departments employing approximately 350 full-time employees. The Penn State Division of Student Affairs' mission (2005) is to "cultivate student intellectual and personal development by promoting engagement in teaching and learning, academic success, and integration into the Penn State community." This chapter provides a glimpse of student affairs assessment at the Pennsylvania State University including a specific example of assessment, tips to implementing assessment at an institution, and barriers encountered when implementing the process at the Pennsylvania State University. (Contains 3 tables.)