This report for Congress discusses the problems involved in developing, putting into practice, and complying with federal equal employment opportunity (EEO) guidelines on employee selection and makes some recommendations. It also discusses other factors which influence the concept of equal employment opportunity and how the concept can be realized in employee selection. The content of this report is in four chapters. The introductory chapter discusses testing for employee selection, the Civil Rights Act, and judicial decisions in testing cases. Chapter 2, focusing on establishing uniform guidelines on employee selection procedures, covers the need for uniform guidelines, the actions of the EEO Coordinating Council (EEOC) toward establishing guidelines (includes major differences between EEOC and Federal Executive Agency [FEA] guidelines), the effects of inconsistent guidelines, and reasons for delay in adopting guidelines. The third chapter discusses other problems in regulating employee selection to achieve EEO, including requirements difficult to understand, how lack of resources hampers compliance, problems with multiagency standards, overemphasis on selection, and professional concerns about federal guidelines. The last chapter briefly summarizes the scope of this report's review. The appendix contains a glossary, professional testing standards and terms, other EEO laws and executive orders, a list of reports on the EEO Act of 1972, areas in which EEOC and FEA guidelines agree, organizations and individuals contacted, and several letters. (EM)