This article presents the most recent results of a comparative review of early childhood education and care carried out by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Founded in 1961 and based in Paris, OECD is one of the world's most important sources of statistical, economic, and social data. Based on reviews in the eighteen participating countries, OECD has identified eight strategic focuses that contribute to promoting equitable access to high-quality services for young children. They comprise the following elements: (1) A systematic approach to the formulation and implementation of policies; (2) A strong, equal-to-equal partnership, with the education system; (3) An universal approach to access, with particular attention paid to children with special needs; (4) Substantial public investment in services and infrastructure; (5) A participative approach to improvement of quality and quality assurance; (6) Appropriate training and work conditions for the personnel responsible for the range of services proposed; (7) Special stress placed on assessment, monitoring and collection of data; and (8) A reference framework and a long-term research and assessment programme. Results also reveal that the twenty countries reviewed offer innovative examples of policy and practice that may inform debate in other countries.