ERIC Number: EJ942725
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2011
Pages: 10
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0891-4222
EISSN: N/A
The Validity of Psychiatric Diagnoses: The Case of "Specific" Developmental Disorders
Dyck, Murray J.; Piek, Jan P.; Patrick, Jeff
Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, v32 n6 p2704-2713 Nov-Dec 2011
We tested whether developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and mixed receptive expressive language disorder (RELD) are valid diagnoses by assessing whether they are separated from each other, from other childhood disorders, and from normality by natural boundaries termed zones of rarity. Standardized measures of intelligence, language, motor skills, social cognition, and executive functioning were administered to children with DCD (n = 22), RELD (n = 30), autistic disorder (n = 30), mental retardation (n = 24), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 53) and to a representative sample of children (n = 449). Discriminant function scores were used to test whether there were zones of rarity between the DCD, RELD, and other groups. DCD and RELD were reliably distinguishable only from the mental retardation group. Cluster and latent class analyses both resulted in only two clusters or classes being identified, one consisting mainly of typical children and the other of children with a disorder. Fifty percent of children in the DCD group and 20% in the RELD group were clustered with typical children. There was no evidence of zones of rarity between disorders. Rather, with the exception of mental retardation, the results imply there are no natural boundaries between disorders or between disorders and normality. (Contains 1 figure and 4 tables.)
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mental Retardation, Autism, Social Cognition, Discriminant Analysis, Expressive Language, Clinical Diagnosis, Validity, Cognitive Measurement, Communication Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Disability Identification, Measures (Individuals), Children
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
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