A theoretical and practical framework for initiating effective psychological services is presented. This is done through the consideration of the line of authority between administration and staff, a practical assessment of the pitfalls of letting others define the psychologist's role, and a detailed model for managing the referral process. The…

This analysis is an attempt to specify the purposes and factors in organizational change and continuity. Denial of the purposeful premise makes possible an environmental perspective that views the characteristics of organizations as a function of their adaptation to their environment. This approach is based on the premises that (1) change in what…

This paper concentrates on two strategies, circumvention and cooptation, used by planners and implementers to overcome various obstacles in designing and starting-up innovative schools. The authors show how the special features of a new school's relationship with its environmental setting create the need for these strategies; illustrate through…

This paper introduces organizational development and describes its potential utility to the planning community. The paper first points out some current practices in educational planning that may violate principles of effective human behavior in educational organizations. The centralization of goal setting and decisionmaking and the failure to…

Argues that universities' excessive concern for participation in administration (interest representation, committee structure, shared responsibility) shackles the development of adaptive structures and organization climate required within fast-changing modern society. (JT)

Total individual satisfaction is not the organization's responsibility, but does assume increasing importance when corporate commitment is apparent. Studies have examined employees' values, attitudes, and job satisfaction and often found that individuals feel job dissatisfaction. In remedying this, organizations should develop an interdependent…

The struggle against racism today takes place in the context of severe national economic problems. Civil rights activists must participate in and help all efforts that are addressing these economic problems. The experiences of the sixties can guide these efforts and thus advance the struggle for de facto civil equality. (Author/MC)

Ways in which a university counseling center changed its management style and subsequent service delivery are described. The center went from the traditional director-staff relationship to a collective governance process. (Author/LBH)

Presents preliminary considerations toward a theory of presidential popularity based upon economic variables. Analyzes data from the Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon administrations. A regression analysis table is included. For journal availability, see SO 505 894. (Author/DB)

Presents a history of the Swedish welfare state from 1932 to 1976 and discusses positive and negative aspects of the system. The conclusion is that future success of the system is dependent upon commitment by Swedish leaders to social change, material growth, and compensatory social services. Available from: P.O. Box 2450, Greenwich, Connecticut…

Maintains that the maldistribution of wealth and static mobility patterns which prevailed in the United States from 1800 to 1940 provide the social and economic basis for present-day inequality. Political reforms have had little effect on living standards, status, and opportunities of most Americans. For journal availability, see SO 505 871.…

Unprecedented growth of the typical American family's resources since World War II have had effects upon life style, personal fulfillment, consumption of goods and services, and freedom of occupational choice. It is suggested that the time may have come for concern with nonmaterial elements that determine the quality of life. For journal…

The creation of three new institutions in Australia is examined for evidence supporting or refuting theories that new institutions tend to be dominated by academic or administrative interest groups. (MSE)

The types of managerial problems occurring in large research laboratories are classified, the politics of their management are analyzed, and the forms in which the problems are manifested are discussed. It is concluded that strategic practices are needed for the organizations to function effectively. (Author/MSE)

A study of the possible influence of a college's structure and organization on students' affective development suggests that students' academic and social integration tend to mediate the influences of structural characteristics. (MSE)