The papers presented in this fourth volume were presented especially for an international congress organized by the UNESCO and the International Union of Biological Sciences Commission for Education in Biology, in collaboration with the University of Uppsala, in Sweden, September 1975. Eleven papers covering recommended areas of biology education were revised then edited especially for this volume. Presented papers deal with: (1) purposes and objectives of biological education; (2) biological components of education at the primary and junior secondary levels; (3) design of new courses in secondary biological education; (4) curriculum evaluation and dissemination; (5) teaching methods in the classroom, laboratory and field; (6) impact of new instructional equipment and educational technology; (7) assessment of student achievements; (8) teacher training; (9) designing introductory university level biology courses; (10) contribution of biology to public interest; and (11) regional and international cooperation for the improvement of biology education. Each paper includes a selective bibliography. Conclusions are presented at the end of the publication. (HM)