The concept of open or progressive education has come to mean that to learn one needs no discipline, no systematic organization, no planning. However, there is a middle, or at least another ground, between the ends of laissez faire and authoritarianism. It has to do with the structure of process. For example, the Key Vocabulary of Sylvia Ashton-Warner is as structured as it is possible to get in terms of process. The learning situations must be so structured that the child will dredge up, so to speak, his or her own vocabulary. This structure of process comes from the child's own living experiences. When this structure in the learning process is present, there is a rigor in the acquisition of skills and knowledge. And when that learning is based upon the child's inner sources, the teacher will not have much need for discipline imposed from without. A teacher must discover how to get such ideas from within the given child. From these ideas come the words that can be turned into writing, and on into reading. (HOD)