Focusing upon the developmental changes that have taken place among the Lummis of Washington between 1966 and the present, this case study of an American Indian tribe experiencing an economic renaissance emphasizes the fact that success can and does bring unintended risks. Specifically, this study presents information re: (1) the present (emphasis upon the development of one of the most extensive and sophisticated aquaculture ventures in the U.S.); (2) the Lummi history (hardship and deprivation coupled with strong tribal unity); (3) program organization (Office of Economic Opportunity-funded Community Action Program including economic, social, and tribal affairs projects); (4) economic development-housing (emphasis on a 40-house Housing and Urban Development project); (5) economic development-aquaculture (details development of aquaculture facilities and expertise, job opportunities for 75 of the 150 tribe members, and development problems); (6) social traditions (describes the way in which Lummi traditions are either being eroded or maintained); (7) overall appraisal ("the Lummis' progress must be judged remarkable by any standard", for in seven years, the tribe has been physically transformed and the Lummis' perceptions of their options have changed dramatically both tribally and individually). (JC)