This fact sheet uses a question-and-answer format to summarize what is known about HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) and pediatric AIDS and applies this information to children in school settings. Questions and answers address the following topics: what the AIDS disease and HIV infection are; estimates of the number of children infected with HIV; ways that children become infected with the HIV virus; testing of children for the presence of the HIV antibody; the use of drugs to treat children with AIDS; the neurological and developmental effects of AIDS and HIV in children; services that might be needed in the school setting for the HIV-infected child; who should know that a child in school has AIDS or is HIV-positive; and precautions that should be taken to prevent exposure to HIV by school-aged children. (DB)