Peer reviewed
ERIC Number: EJ697008
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2005-Apr
Pages: 9
Abstractor: Author
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0016-9013
EISSN: N/A
Cognitive Impairment as a Strong Predictor of Incident Disability in Specific Adl-Iadl Tasks among Community-Dwelling Elders: The Azuchi Study
Dodge, Hiroko H.; Kadowaki, Takashi; Hayakawa, Takehito; Yamakawa, Masanobu; Sekikawa, Akira; Ueshima, Hirotugu
Gerontologist, v45 n2 p222 Apr 2005
Purpose: We examined differential effects of cognitive impairment on each of the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) tasks. Design and Methods: In a 3-year follow-up of community-dwelling elderly persons in Azuchi, Japan, we assessed cognition by using the Hasegawa Dementia Scale. We examined (a) the cross-sectional association between cognitive impairment and functional disability in each ADL-IADL item; (b) cognitive impairment as a risk factor for incident disability in each ADL-IADL item, through logistic regression models; and (c) probabilities of incident loss of ADL-IADL abilities or death in 3 years, using multinomial logistic regression models. We also calculated the population attributable risk (PAR%) of cognitive impairment on incident loss of task-specific ADL-IADL abilities. Results: Cross-sectionally, the severity of cognitive impairment was associated with disability in each ADL-IADL task, with larger effects shown for ADL items. Longitudinally, minimally or mildly cognitively impaired individuals had a significantly higher risk of losing functional abilities compared with those with intact cognition. The PAR% indicated that cognitive impairment accounts for 11% to 36% of incident disability in ADL-IADL tasks, with the highest PAR% shown for the ability to feed oneself. Implications: Cognitively impaired subjects are heterogeneous; the severity of cognitive impairment has a different impact on incident loss of task-specific ADL-IADL abilities, and comorbidities could affect disabilities differently. Consideration of these heterogeneities will enrich future studies on the impact of cognitive impairment on ADL-IADL abilities.Key Words: Hasegawa Dementia Scale, ADL, IADL, Population attributable risk, Caregiving needs
Descriptors: Risk, Dementia, Foreign Countries, Severity (of Disability), Measures (Individuals), Probability, Older Adults, Predictor Variables, Cognitive Ability, Disabilities, Daily Living Skills
Gerontological Society of America, 1030 15th Street, NW, Suite 250, Washington, DC 20005-1503. Web site: http://www.gerontologyjournals.org.
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: Japan
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A