This article describes the results of a recommendation from the World Health Organization (2004) that it was important to examine whether high-risk groups meet the current general recommendation of at least 30 minutes of moderate or greater physical activity per day. Doing so required an accurate measurement of physical activity for supporting the promotion of health and physical activity. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S) was recommended for use in studies to evaluate patterns of physical activity that are relevant to health. The IPAQ-S also includes a measure of sedentary behavior, which may be useful since there is ample evidence that sedentary behavior and the lack of physical activity are independent behaviors that have specific effects on health. The inclusion criteria consisted of being aged 18 to 65, being legally blind (with a central visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye with the use of corrective lenses or a corrected field of vision less than 20 degrees), living independently in the community, being an associate of Associacao dos Cegos e Ambliopes de Portugal (ACAPO), the Portuguese association for people with visual impairments, having a telephone number registered in the ACAPO database, and living in the Lisbon area. Of the 177 potential participants, 67 were selected. During the first visit, the participants were instructed on the proper use of the accelerometer. After they wore the accelerometer for a week, they were administered the IPAQ-S during the second visit. A researcher administered the questionnaire during individual interviews with the participants. The questionnaire included any physical activity that the participants did at work; as part of housework and yard work; to get from place to place; and in their spare time for recreation, exercise, or sports. For data collection on sedentary behavior, the participants were instructed to think about the time they spent sitting at work, at home, while doing course work, and during leisure time. In conclusion, the IPAQ-S has acceptable criterion validity for use with young and middle-aged adults who are blind. However, there is limited agreement on physical activity and sedentary behavior measured with the accelerometer and IPAQ-S.