This resource presents a collection of over 60 traditional songs set in the context of California's history. Throughout its history, music has played an important part in the lives of California's diverse peoples. The book opens with songs of Native California tribes and continues through European exploration, Spanish and Mexican rule, U.S. statehood, and songs of the Gold Rush. Each chapter begins with a map or diagram and background information relevant to the time period and music presented. Chapters include: (1) "Music of the First People"; (2) "Songs of the Early Explorers"; (3) "Spanish Mission Songs"; (4) "Songs of the Mexican Rancho Period"; (5) "Russian Music at Fort Ross"; (6) "Mexican American War Songs"; (7) "Shanties of the Sailing Ships"; (8) "The Way West: Songs of the Overland Emigrants"; and (9) "The Gold Rush in Song." The songs may be sung unaccompanied or accompanied by guitar, banjo, autoharp, accordion, or concertina. Several chapters contain instructions for games and dances. Two plays are also included. A bibliography and index conclude the book. A CD-ROM may be purchased to use with the book. (MM)