A review of the national and state legislation dealing with bilingual education is presented in the context of an introductory history of the bilingual movement in the United States. This history falls into two periods; the first from 1840-1920, and the second from 1960 to the present. The goal of bilingual education, to teach English without…

The final phase of a three-phase study of bilingual education and English as a Second Language (ESL) programs in 144 Texas school districts is reported. The study was conducted from 1985-86 to 1988-89 through site visits and interviews with administrators and teachers. Descriptive data for six schools, selected for the effectiveness of their…

Support for bilingual education continues to grow nationwide. Increased support for the concept of using English with the non-English mother tongue (NEMT) resulted from several factors. The total population of NEMT children in the U.S. grew to 5 million in 1973, while the number of Spanish-speaking children rose to 3.2 million in 1970. The…

Research on bilingual education and its relationship to a variety of language teaching settings shows that the immersion experiment in Ontario has had several constructive side effects, including a reexamination of English language teaching and increased contact between teachers of French as a first and as a second language as well as increased…

Divided into two major sections--Theory and Research and the Teaching/Learning Process--this pathfinder to the literature on bilingual education lists bibliographies, research reports and sources, reference sources, discussions of issues, teaching guides and textbooks, instructional resources, evaluations, catalogs, guidebooks, serials and…

Analyzes the historical roots of language attitudes in the United States, examining the evolution of current policies on ethnic diversity and bilingual education by focusing on Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Identifies problems for the future of bilingual education. (SLD)

The combined effect of the articles in this issue of "Inequality in Education" is to offer the reader a primer in bilingual/bicultural education. The articles which follow indicate that neither legislation nor court orders, correctly or incorrectly interpreted, can bring about effect change in this field on their own. What the bilingual…

Bilingual education can be a great force in fostering educational change in America by providing a child with a full understanding of his cultural heritage and a deep respect for all it implies. Such a program treats the child whose mother tongue is other than English as advantaged, and involves the parent and the community in the fabric of the…

An approach to designing diagnostic/prescriptive staff development programs for bilingual education, in which bilingual education is viewed as an innovation in the process of change, was explored. The aims were to: provide a method for defining bilingual programs in progress and determining the degree of implementation; determine teacher concerns;…

Examines the status and methods of bilingual education for deaf children, involving the teaching of a signed language, and compares such education to bilingual education involving two spoken languages. (Author/CB)

In this paper, one of the pioneers of Chinese language instruction in the United States reviews the development of bilingual education under public funds, summarizes criticism against it, and proposes approaches and methodologies to improve it. Emphasis is placed on the need to insure the future of bilingual education by paying attention to and…

A discussion of the future of education for language-minority students in the United States looks at proposed legislation and other government initiatives and prevailing educational reform movements. It is argued that reform in this country must begin with a change in attitudes toward and expectations of language-minority and…

This paper proposes a comprehensive framework for defining success in bilingual education. Defining success is a difficult and elusive task. Indicators of success are at the center of much controversy, and a review of the research of the last 30 years reveals varying trends in the underlying notion of success. Most studies focus on the ability of…

Presents a brief overview of historical developments and recent activity regarding the federal government's policy toward bilingual education. Focuses mainly on the Supreme Court's Lau v. Vichols decision of 1974, which lent support to bilingual education, and the Reagan Administration's challenges to current funding practices for such education.…

The history and future of bilingual/bicultural education are examined. (RC)