The need for using invariance procedures to establish the external validity or generalizability of statistical results has been well documented. Invariance analysis is a tool that can be used to establish confidence in the replicability of research findings. Several approaches to invariance analysis are available that are broadly applicable across…

Using a hypothetical data set of 24 cases concerning opinions on contemporary issues on which Democrats and Republicans might disagree, concrete examples are provided to illustrate that canonical correlation analysis is the most general linear model, subsuming other parametric procedures as special cases. Specific statistical techniques included…

Several techniques for conducting studies of measurement integrity are explained and illustrated using a heuristic data set from a study of teachers' participation in decision making (D. L. Taylor, 1991). The sample consisted of 637 teachers. It is emphasized that validity and reliability are characteristics of data, and do not inure to tests as…

Describes two invariance tests, the jackknife procedure and Procrustean rotation, and applies them in a discriminant analysis for this heuristic study. Invariance testing helps to prevent overemphasis on findings of statistical significance and overgeneralization of a research result, and thus is gaining favor as an indicator of result importance.…

A hypothesized data set is used to illustrate that canonical correlation analysis is a general linear model, subsuming other parametric procedures as special cases. Specific techniques included in analyses are t tests, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of variance, and discriminant analysis. (SLD)