Research into executive functioning (EF) has indeed grown exponentially across the past few decades, but as the Willoughby et al. critique makes clear, there remain fundamental questions to be resolved. The crux of their argument is built upon an examination of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approach to understanding executive processes. The Willoughby et al. critique raised very compelling points and, most important, called into question a fundamental theoretical assumption underlying the current and very popular CFA approach. The critique should engender productive ongoing discussion that will hopefully include input from the most stalwart supporters of CFA.