This article examines a wide array of research on the link between school choice programs and student segregation and draws implications for the Obama Administration's policy promoting the national expansion of charter schools. The research demonstrates how the proliferation of charter schools risks increasing current levels of segregation based on race, ethnicity, and income. It also shows the potential for increasing the segregation of special education and language-minority students, and for contributing to levels of religious and cultural stratification not typically found in U.S. public education.