Contrasts nominal, cardinal, and ordinal uses of numbers with linguistic and historical examples. (MKR)

Applies elementary concepts of probability to a hotly debated question in football. Shows that the probability of winning is the same either way but the probability of losing is greater under the one-first strategy. (MKR)

Illustrates exploration of composition of functions, translations, and inverse functions on a graphing calculator. Includes reproducible student worksheets. (MKR)

Describes a two-person game based on the Pythagorean Theorem. Includes game board and question cards. (MKR)

Reviews research findings on students' understandings about school mathematics and assessment and explores students' work on, and perceptions of, different types of assessment tasks. (MKR)

Activities in this article are a practical response to the philosophical debate about the use of technology in mathematics classes. Shows how technology can help students understand the sophisticated mathematics embedded in r, the correlation coefficient. Includes reproducible student worksheets. (MKR)

Classroom discourse can nurture students' appreciation of mathematics as a community activity by involving students in defining the curriculum, engaging in authentic mathematical inquiry, and using the history of mathematics to understand how mathematical thought develops in society. (MKR)

Shows how to model Newton's method for approximating roots on a spreadsheet. (MKR)

Tensile and compressive forces in planar trusses can be analyzed using either the method of sections or the method of joints. This article summarizes and extends a project accomplished by a high school student using the method of joints and graphing calculators, spreadsheets, and matrix-manipulation software. (MKR)

Discusses three types of distance in art education that should be bridged: (1) between studio art and art criticism/history; (2) between thinking in images and thinking in words; and (3) between art and culture in cognition. Recommends a curriculum to integrate studio work with criticism and teach art along with culture. (CFR)

Examines the work of Jurgen Habermas and Arthur Danto and develops a conceptual structure that views art education as an interpretive and reflective network that bridges school and life experiences. Contends that visual arts contribute to the development of reflective capacities. (CFR)

Presents a comparative review of art criticism strategies offered within the art education literature. Maintains that most strategies are characterized by three different structures: (1) sequential steps; (2) nonsequential groups of questions; and (3) lists of questions. Provides suggestions for further research. (CFR)

Reports on a longitudinal study on the effects of students' early linguistic development and family background on test performance when the students reach the end of their compulsory schooling years. Finds a considerable degree of continuity between early language development and later examination performance. (CFR)

Discusses humanization in contemporary Russian education where it is seen as a key factor influencing social change. Analyzes past educational development and suggests that present trends owe more than may be expected to the past. Argues that the present discussion in Russia focuses too much on individualism and ignores processes of mediation.…

Maintains that pictures are one constant aspect of children's books. Reviews research on whether pictures hinder or facilitate the development of reading skills in young children. Provides suggestions on when and where pictures might provide instructional support. (CFR)